Lub tog raj kheej Dewar yog dab tsi?

** Taw qhia

Lub tog raj kheej dewar yog ib hom thawv siv los khaws cov roj liquefied ntawm qhov kub thiab txias heev. Nws muaj npe tom qab nws tus neeg tsim khoom, Sir James Dewar, uas yog Scottish chemist thiab physicist. Tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, dewar cylinders tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb, kev siv kho mob, thiab kev lag luam.

Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog cov qauv, muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab kev siv ntawm dewar cylinders. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav cov kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tuav thiab khaws cov roj liquefied.

** Qauv

Lub tog raj kheej dewar yog tsim los ntawm ob lub nested nkoj ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, feem ntau yog iav thiab hlau. Lub nkoj sab hauv tuav cov roj liquefied, thaum qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm ob lub nkoj raug tshem tawm kom txo tau cov cua sov hloov los ntawm convection thiab conduction. Lub tshuab nqus tsev nruab nrab ntawm ob phab ntsa ntawm lub tog raj kheej yog hu ua dewar qhov chaw.

Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tog raj kheej dewar feem ntau yog ua los ntawm stainless hlau, txhuas, los yog iav. Stainless hlau thiab txhuas lub tog raj kheej yog siv rau khaws cia cov pa roj xws li nitrogen, oxygen, thiab hydrogen, thaum lub khob iav feem ntau yog siv rau khaws cia cov kua cryogenic xws li kua nitrogen lossis kua helium.

** Kev sib xyaw

Dewar cylinders yog tsim los tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias uas yuav tsum tau khaws cia cov roj liquefied. Cov ntaub ntawv siv los tsim lub tog raj kheej dewar yuav tsum tuaj yeem tiv taus cov kub no yam tsis muaj kev tawg lossis tawg.

Lub nkoj sab hauv ntawm lub tog raj kheej dewar feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity, xws li iav lossis stainless hlau. Qhov no yuav pab kom txo tau cov cua kub hloov mus rau hauv cov roj liquefied, uas yuav ua rau nws boil thiab evaporate.

Lub nkoj sab nrauv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua, xws li aluminium lossis stainless hlau. Qhov no yuav pab kom dissipate tej cua sov uas nkag mus rau hauv lub dewar, tiv thaiv cov liquefied roj los ntawm boiling tawm.

** Daim ntawv thov

Dewar cylinders yog siv rau ntau yam kev siv, suav nrog kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, kev siv kho mob, thiab cov txheej txheem kev lag luam.

Hauv kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, dewar cylinders feem ntau yog siv los khaws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li kua helium lossis kua nitrogen, uas yog siv hauv kev sim uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias superconductivity. Lawv kuj tau siv los khaws cia cov kua cryogenic xws li kua oxygen thiab kua nitrogen, uas yog siv rau hauv kev kawm txog molecular biology thiab chemistry.

Hauv kev kho mob, lub tog raj kheej dewar yog siv los khaws thiab thauj tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov hlwb, xws li cov qia hlwb thiab cov pob txha pob txha, nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho mob uas xav tau qhov kub thiab txias heev.

Hauv cov txheej txheem kev lag luam, lub tog raj kheej dewar feem ntau yog siv los khaws thiab thauj cov roj liquefied xws li nitrogen, oxygen, thiab hydrogen, uas yog siv rau ntau yam kev lag luam xws li vuam, hlau fabrication, thiab tshuaj synthesis.

** Kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb

Kev tuav thiab khaws cia ntawm lub tog raj kheej dewar tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb, tshwj xeeb yog hais txog kev tso tawm cov kua cryogenic.

Thaum khaws cia ntawm qhov kub tsis tshua muaj siab, cov kua roj liquefied tuaj yeem nthuav dav sai thaum raug rau qhov kub thiab txias, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg lossis tso tawm siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub peev xwm rau frostbite thiab lwm yam kev raug mob khaub thuas yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum tuav lub tog raj kheej dewar.

Yuav kom txo qis cov kev pheej hmoo no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua thiab khaws cov cylinders dewar kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tswj tau. Qhov no yuav suav nrog kev siv cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv thiab khoom siv, xws li hnab looj tes, tsom iav, thiab daim npog ntsej muag, nrog rau kev muab qhov cua txaus thiab ntsuas kev nyab xeeb hluav taws.

** Lus xaus

Lub tog raj kheej dewar yog ib hom ntim tshwj xeeb uas siv los khaws cov roj liquefied ntawm qhov kub tsis tshua muaj siab. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, kev siv kho mob, thiab cov txheej txheem kev lag luam.

Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov qauv ntawm dewar cylinders yog tsim los tiv taus cov huab cua uas yuav tsum tau khaws cia cov kua cryogenic. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tuav thiab khaws cia ntawm cov thooj voos kheej kheej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev raug mob thiab raug mob.